Olympian deities
The 12 Olmypians:| Ancient Greek Gods name | ||
|---|---|---|
| Ἀφροδίτη (Venus) | Aphrodite | Goddess of love and beauty. Although married to Hephaestus she had many lovers, most notably Ares. She was depicted as a beautiful woman usually accompanied by her son Eros. Her symbols include the rose, scallop shell, and myrtle wreath. Her sacred animal is the dove. |
| Ἀπόλλων (Apóllō) | Apollo | God of music, healing, plague, prophecies, poetry, and archery; associated with light, truth and the sun. He is Artemis's twin brother and Hermes elder brother, and son of Zeus and Leto. He was depicted as a handsome, beardless youth with long hair and various attributes including a laurel wreath, bow and quiver, raven, and lyre. Apollo's sacred animal are red cattle. |
| Ἄρης (Mars) | Ares | God of war, bloodlust, violence, manly courage, and civil order. The son of Zeus and Hera, he was depicted as either a mature, bearded warrior dressed in battle arms, or a nude beardless youth with helm and spear. His attributes are golden armour and a bronze-tipped spear. His sacred animals are the vulture, venomous snakes, alligators, and dogs. |
| Ἄρτεμις (Diana) | Artemis | Virgin goddess of the hunt, wilderness, wild animals, childbirth and plague. In later times she became associated with the moon. She is the daughter of Zeus and Leto, and twin sister of Apollo. In art she was usually depicted as a young woman dressed in a short knee-length chiton and equipped with a hunting bow and a quiver of arrows. In addition to the bow, her attributes include hunting spears, animal pelts, deer and other wild animals. Her sacred animals are deer, bears, and wild boars. |
| Ἀθηνᾶ (Minerva) | Athena | Goddess of wisdom, warfare, battle strategy, heroic endeavour, handicrafts and reason. According to most traditions she was born from Zeus's head. She was depicted crowned with a crested helm, armed with shield (Aegis), which holds Medusa's head to paralyze her enemies who looked at it and a spear.. Her symbols include the aegis and the olive tree. She is commonly shown accompanied by her sacred animal, the snowy owl. |
| Δημήτηρ (Ceres) | Demeter | Goddess of agriculture, horticulture, grain and harvest. Demeter is a daughter of Cronus and Rhea and sister of Zeus, by whom she bore Persephone. She was depicted as a mature woman, often crowned and holding sheafs of wheat and a torch. Her symbols are the Cornucopia (horn of plenty), wheat-ears, the winged serpent and the lotus staff. Her sacred animals are pigs and snakes. |
| Διόνυσος (Bacchus) | Dionysos | God of wine, parties and festivals, madness, civilization, drunkenness and pleasure at forever young. He was depicted in art as either an older bearded god or a pretty effeminate, long-haired youth. His attributes include the thyrsus (a pinecone-tipped staff), drinking cup, grape vine, and a crown of ivy. Animals sacred to him include dolphins, serpents, tigers, panthers, and donkeys. A later addition to the Olympians, in some accounts he replaced Hestia. |
| ᾍδης (Hádēs) or Πλούτων (Ploútón) | Hades or Pluto | King of the Underworld and god of the dead and the hidden wealth of the Earth. His consort is Persephone and his attributes are the key of Hades, the Helm of Darkness, and the three-headed dog, Cerberus. The screech owl was sacred to him. Despite being the son of Cronus and Rhea and the elder brother of Zeus, as a chthonic god he is only rarely listed among the Olympians. The name Pluto became more common in the Classical period with the mystery religions and Athenian literature. |
| Ἥφαιστος (Hḗphaistos) | Hephaestus or Vulcan | Crippled god of fire, metalworking, stonemasonry, sculpture and volcanism. The son of Hera alone, he is the smith of the gods and the husband of the adulterous Aphrodite. He was usually depicted as a bearded man holding hammer and tongs—the tools of a smith—and riding a donkey. His symbols are the hammer, tongs, and anvil. His sacred animals are the donkey, the guard dog and the crane. When he was born, he was thrown off of Mount Olympus by Hera as he was considered ugly. |
| Ἥρα (Juno) | Hera | Queen of marriage, women, childbirth, heirs, kings and empires. She is daughter of Cronus and Rhea. She was usually depicted as a beautiful woman wearing a crown and veil and holding a royal, lotus-tipped staff. Her sacred animals are the cow, the peacock. She is the eternal wife of Zeus. |
| Ἡρμῆς (Mercury) | Hermes | God of travel, messengers, trade, thievery, cunning wiles, language, writing, diplomacy, athletics, and animal husbandry. He is the messenger of the gods, a psychopomp who leads the souls of the dead into Hades' realm, and the son of Zeus and Maia. He was depicted either as a handsome and athletic beardless youth, or as an older bearded man. His attributes include the herald's wand or caduceus, winged sandals, and a traveler's cap. His sacred animals are the tortoise, the ram, and the hawk. |
| Ἑστία (Vesta) | Hestia | Virgin goddess of the hearth, home and cooking. She is a daughter of Rhea and Cronus and sister of Zeus. She was depicted as a modestly veiled woman, whose symbols are the hearth and kettle. In some accounts, she gave up her seat as one of the Twelve Olympians to tend to the sacred flame on Mount Olympus for Dionysus. |
| Ποσειδῶν (Neptune) | Poseidon | God of the sea, rivers, floods, droughts, storms, earthquakes, and the creator of horses; known as the "Earth Shaker" or "Storm Bringer". He is a son of Cronus and Rhea and brother to Zeus and Hades. In classical artwork, he was depicted as a mature man of sturdy build with a dark beard, and holding a trident. The horse and the dolphin are sacred to him. |
| Ζεύς (Jupiter) | Zeus | The king of the gods, the ruler of Mount Olympus and the god of the sky, weather, thunder, law, order, and fate. He is the youngest son of Cronus and Rhea, whom he overthrew after Cronus swallowed his brothers and sisters and he is brother-husband to Hera. In artwork, he was depicted as a regal, mature man with a sturdy figure and dark beard. His usual attributes are the royal sceptre and the lightning bolt. His main attribute was his master bolt. His sacred animals are the eagle and the bull. |
Protogenoi (primordial) [oldest]
| Ancient Greek name | English name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Αἰθήρ (Aithḗr) | Aether | God of the upper air and light. Son of Erebus and Nyx. |
| Ἀνάγκη (Anánkē) | Ananke | Goddess of inevitability, compulsion and necessity. |
| Ἔρεβος (Érebos) | Erebos or Erebus | God of darkness and shadow. |
| Γαῖα (Gaîa) | Gaia or Gaea | Personification of the Earth (Mother Earth); mother of the Titans. |
| Ἡμέρα (Hēméra) | Hemera | Goddess of daylight and the sun. Daughter of Erebus and Nyx |
| Χάος (Cháos) | Chaos | The nothingness from which all else sprang |
| Χρόνος (Chrónos) | Chronos | The Keeper of Time. Not to be confused with the Titan Cronus, the father of Zeus. |
| Nῆσοι (Nē̂soi) | The Nesoi | Goddesses of the islands. |
| Νύξ (Nýx) | Nyx or Night | Goddess of night. She is also the only being from which Zeus turned when her son Hypnos, who had angered Zeus, hid behind her. |
| Οὐρανός (Ouranós) | Uranus | God of the alec (Father Sky); father of the Titans. He banished his children, the Cyclopes and the Hecatonchires, to the underworld because they did not please him. |
| Οὔρεα (Oúrea) | The Ourea | Gods of mountains. |
| Φάνης (Phánēs) | Phanes | God of procreation in the Orphic tradition. |
| Πόντος (Póntos) | Pontus | God of the sea, father of the fish and other sea creatures. |
| Τάρταρος (Tártaros) | Tartarus | The darkest, deepest part of the underworld. |
| Θάλασσα (Thálassa) | Thalassa | Spirit of the sea and consort of Pontos. |
Titans
| Greek name | English name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| The Twelve Titans | ||
| Ὑπερίων (Hyperíōn) | Hyperion | Titan of light. With Theia, he is the father of Helios (the sun), Selene (the moon) and Eos (the dawn). |
| Ἰαπετός (Iapetós) | Iapetus | Titan of mortality and father of Prometheus, Epimetheus and Atlas. |
| Κοῖος (Koîos) | Coeus | Titan of intellect and the axis of heaven around which the constellations revolved. |
| Κρεῖος (Kreîōs) | Krios | The least individualized of the Twelve Titans, he is the father of Astraios, Pallas and Perses. |
| Κρόνος (Crónos) | Cronus | The leader of the Titans, who overthrew his father Uranus only to be overthrown in turn by his son, Zeus. Not to be confused with Chronos, the god of time. He is usually depicted with a scythe given to him by his mother, Gaea. |
| Mνημοσύνη (Mnēmosýnē) | Mnemosyne | Titan of memory and remembrance, and mother of the Nine Muses. |
| Ὠκεανός (Ōceanós) | Oceanus | Titan of the all-encircling river Oceanus around the earth, the font of all the Earth's fresh-water. |
| Φοίβη (Phoíbē) | Phoebe | Titan of the "bright" intellect and prophecy, and consort of Koios. |
| Ῥέα (Rhéa) | Rhea | Titan of female fertility, motherhood, and generation. She is the sister and consort of Cronus, and mother of Zeus, Hades, Poseidon, Hera, Demeter and Hestia. |
| Τηθύς (Tēthýs) | Tethys | Wife of Oceanus, and the mother of the rivers, springs, streams, fountains and clouds. |
| Θεία (Theía) | Theia | Titan of sight and the shining light of the clear blue sky. She is the consort of Hyperion, and mother of Helios, Selene and Eos. |
| Θέμις (Thémis) | Themis | Titan of divine law and order. |
| Other Titans | ||
| Ἀστερία (Astería) | Asteria | Titan of nocturnal oracles and falling stars. |
| Ἀστραῖος (Astraîos) | Astraeus | Titan of stars and planets, and the art of astrology. |
| Ἄτλας (Átlas) | Atlas | Titan forced to carry the sky upon his shoulders. Also Son of Iapetus. |
| Αὔρα (Aúra) | Aura | Titan of the breeze and the fresh, cool air of early morning. |
| Διώνη (Diṓnē) | Dione | Titan of the oracle of Dodona. |
| Ἠώς (Ēṓs) | Eos | Titan of the dawn. |
| Ἐπιμηθεύς (Epimētheús) | Epimetheus | Titan of afterthought and the father of excuses. |
| Εὐρυβία (Eurybía) | Eurybia | Titan of the mastery of the seas and consort of Krios. |
| Εὐρυνόμη (Eurynómē) | Eurynome | Titan of water-meadows and pasturelands, and mother of the three Charites by Zeus. |
| Ἥλιος (Hḗlios) | Helios | Titan god of the sun and guardian of oaths. |
| Κλυμένη (Clyménē) | Clymene or Asia | Titan of renown, fame and infamy, and wife of Iapetos. |
| Ληλαντος (Lēlantos) | Lelantos | Titan of air and the hunter's skill of stalking prey. He is the male counterpart of Leto. |
| Λητώ (Lētṓ) | Leto | Titan of motherhood and mother of Artemis and Apollo. |
| Μενοίτιος (Menoítios) | Menoetius | Titan of violent anger, rash action, and human mortality. Killed by Zeus. |
| Μῆτις (Mē̂tis) | Metis | Titan of good counsel, advise, planning, cunning, craftiness and wisdom, and mother of Athena. |
| Ὀφίων (Ophíōn) | Ophion | An elder Titan, in some versions of the myth he ruled the Earth with his consort Eurynome before Cronus overthrew him. |
| Πάλλας (Pállas) | Pallas | Titan of war. He was killed by Athena during the Titanomachy. |
| Πέρσης (Pérsēs) | Perses | Titan of destruction. |
| Προμηθεύς (Promētheús) | Prometheus | Titan of forethought and crafty counsel, and creator of mankind. As punishment for creating humans, he is chained to a cliff by Zeus and has his liver eaten out by the eagle of Zeus every morning. |
| Σελήνη (Selḗnē) | Selene | Titan of the moon. |
| Στύξ (Stýx) | Styx | Titan of the Underworld, river Styx and personification of hatred. |
- Aegaeon (Αιγαίων), god of violent sea storms and ally of the Titans
- Acheilos (Αχειλος), shark-shaped sea spirit
- Amphitrite (Αμφιτρίτη), sea goddess and consort of Poseidon
- Benthesikyme (Βενθεσικύμη), daughter of Poseidon, who resided in Ethiopia
- Brizo (Βριζώ), patron goddess of sailors, who sent prophetic dreams
- Ceto (Κῆτώ), goddess of the dangers of the ocean and of sea monsters
- Charybdis (Χάρυβδις), a sea monster and spirit of whirlpools and the tide
- Cymopoleia (Κυμοπόλεια), a daughter of Poseidon married to the Giant Briareus
- Delphin (Δέλφιν), the leader of the dolphins, Poseidon placed him in the sky as the constellation Delphin
- Eidothea (Ειδοθέα), prophetic sea nymph and daughter of Proteus
- Glaucus (Γλαῦκος), the fisherman's sea god
- Gorgons (Γοργόνες), three monstrous sea spirits
- The Graeae (Γραῖαι), three ancient sea spirits who personified the white foam of the sea; they shared one eye and one tooth between them
- Deino (Δεινώ)
- Enyo (Ενυώ)
- Pemphredo (Πεμφρεδώ)
- The Harpies (Ηάρπυιαι), winged spirits of sudden, sharp gusts of wind
- Hippocampi (ἱπποκαμπος), the horses of the sea they are half horse with the tail of a fish
- The Ichthyocentaurs
(Ιχθυοκένταυροι), a pair of centaurine sea-gods with the upper bodies
of men, the lower fore-parts of horses, ending in the serpentine tails
of fish
- Bythos (Βύθος) "sea depth"
- Aphros (Άφρος) "sea foam"
- Karkinos (Καρκίνος), a giant crab who allied itself with the Hydra against Heracles. When it died, Hera placed it in the sky as the constellation Cancer.
- Ladon (Λάδων), a hundred-headed sea serpent who guarded the western reaches of the sea, and the island and golden apples of the Hesperides
- Leucothea (Λευκοθέα), a sea goddess who aided sailors in distress
- Nereides (Νηρηίδες), sea nymphs
- Nereus (Νηρέας), the old man of the sea, and the god of the sea's rich bounty of fish
- Nerites (Νερίτης), a sea spirit who was transformed into a shell-fish by Aphrodite
- Oceanus (Ὠκεανός), Titan god of the Earth-encircling river Oceanus, the font of all the Earth's fresh-water
- Palaemon (Παλαίμων), a young sea god who aided sailors in distress
- Phorcys (Φόρκυς), god of the hidden dangers of the deep
- Pontos (Πόντος), primeval god of the sea, father of the fish and other sea creatures
- Poseidon (Ποσειδῶν), king of the sea and lord of the sea gods; also god of rivers, flood and drought, earthquakes, and horses
- Proteus (Πρωτεύς), a shape-shifting, prophetic old sea god, and the herdsman of Poseidon's seals
- Scylla (Σκύλλα), monstrous sea goddess
- The Sirens (Σειρῆνες), sea nymphs who lured sailors to their death with their song
- Aglaope (Αγλαόπη) or Aglaophonos (Αγλαόφωνος) or Aglaopheme (Αγλαοφήμη)
- Himerope (Ίμερόπη)
- Leucosia (Λευκοσία)
- Ligeia (Λιγεία)
- Molpe (Μολπή)
- Parthenope (Παρθενόπη)
- Peisinoe (Πεισινόη) or Peisithoe (Πεισιθόη)
- Raidne (Ραίδνη)
- Teles (Τέλης)
- Thelchtereia (Θελχτήρεια)
- Thelxiope (Θελξιόπη) or Thelxiepeia (Θελξιέπεια)
- The Telchines (Τελχινες), sea spirits native to the island of Rhodes; the gods killed them when they turned to evil magic
- Actaeus (Ακταιος)
- Argyron (Αργυρών)
- Atabyrius (Αταβύριος)
- Chalcon (Χαλκών)
- Chryson (Χρυσών)
- Damon (Δαμων) or Demonax (Δημώναξ)
- Damnameneus (Δαμναμενεύς)
- Dexithea (Δεξιθέα), mother of Euxanthios by Minos
- Lycos (Λύκος) or Lyktos (Λύκτος)
- Lysagora (Λυσαγόρα)?
- Makelo (Μακελώ)
- Megalesius (Μεγαλήσιος)
- Mylas (Μύλας)
- Nikon (Νίκων)
- Ormenos (Ορμενος)
- Simon (Σίμων)
- Skelmis (Σκελμις)
- Tethys (Τηθύς), wife of Oceanus, and the mother of the rivers, springs, streams, fountains and clouds
- Thalassa (Θάλασσα), primeval spirit of the sea and consort of Pontos
- Thaumas (Θαῦμας), god of the wonders of the sea
- Thoosa (Θόοσα), goddess of swift currents
- Triteia (Τριτεια), daughter of Triton and companion of Ares
- Triton (Τρίτων), fish-tailed son and herald of Poseidon
- Tritones (Τρίτωνες), fish-tailed spirits in Poseidon's retinue
Sky deities
- Achelois (Ἀχελωΐς), "she who washes pain away", a minor moon goddess
- Aeolus (Aiolos) (Αίολος), god of the winds.
- Aether (Αιθήρ), primeval god of the upper air
- Alectrona (Αλεκτρονα), solar goddess of the morning or waking up
- Anemoi, gods of the winds
- Boreas (Βορέας), god of the north wind and of winter
- Eurus (Εύρος), god of the unlucky east or southeast wind
- Notus (Νότος) god of the south wind
- Zephyrus (Ζέφυρος), god of the west wind
- Aparctias (Απαρκτίας), another name for the north wind (not identified with Boreas)
- Apheliotes (Αφηλιώτης), god of the east wind (when Euros is considered southeast)
- Argestes (Αργέστης), another name for the west or northwest wind
- Caicias (Καικίας), god of the northeast wind
- Circios (Κίρκιος) or Thraskias (Θρασκίας), god of the north-northwest wind
- Euronotus (Ευρονότος), god of the southeast wind
- Lips (Λίψ), god of the southwest wind
- Skeiron (Σκείρων), god of the northwest wind
- Arke (Άρκη), messenger of the Titans and twin sister of Iris
- Astraios (Ἀστραῖος), Titan god of stars and planets, and the art of astrology
- The Astra Planeti (Αστρα Πλανετοι), gods of the five wandering stars or planets
- Stilbon (Στιλβών), god of Hermaon, the planet Mercury
- Eosphorus (Ηωσφόρος), god of Venus the morning star
- Hesperus (Ἓσπερος), god of Venus the evening star
- Pyroeis (Πυρόεις), god of Areios, the planet Mars
- Phaethon (Φαέθων), god of Dios, the planet Jupiter
- Phaenon (Φαίνων), god of Kronion, the planet Saturn
- Aurai (Αὖραι), nymphs of the cooling breeze
- Aura (Αὖρα), goddess of the breeze and the fresh, cool air of early morning
- Chaos (Χάος), the nothingness from which all else sprang, she also represented the lower atmosphere which surrounded the earth
- Chione (Χιόνη), goddess of snow and daughter of Boreas
- Eos (Ἠώς), Titan goddess of the dawn
- Helios (Ἥλιος), Titan god of the sun and guardian of oaths
- Hemera (Ημέρα), primeval goddess of daylight and the sun
- Hera (Ήρα), Queen of Heaven and goddess of the air and starry constellations
- Herse (Ἕρση), goddess of the morning dew
- The Hesperides (Ἑσπερίδες)
- The Hyades, nymphs that represented a star cluster in the constellation Taurus and were associated with rain
- Iris (Ίρις), goddess of the rainbow and divine messenger
- The Menae (Μήναι), fifty goddesses of phases of the moon and the fifty lunar months of the four-year Olympiad
- Nephelai (Νεφήλαι), cloud nymphs
- Ouranos (Ουρανός), primeval god of the heavens
- Pandia (Πανδία), daughter of Selene and Zeus; goddess of the full moon and of the earth-nourishing dew
- The Pleiades (Πλειάδες), goddesses of the constellation Pleiades
- Selene (Σελήνη), Titan goddess of the moon
- Zeus (Ζεύς), King of Heaven and god of the sky, clouds, rain, thunder and lightning
Rustic deities
- Aetna (Αἴτνη), goddess of the volcanic Mount Etna in Sicily
- Amphictyonis (Αμφικτυονίς), goddess of wine and friendship between nations, a local form of Demeter
- Anthousai (Ανθούσαι), flower nymphs
- Aristaeus (Ἀρισταῖος), god of bee-keeping, cheese-making, herding, olive-growing and hunting
- Artemis (Άρτεμις), goddess of wild animals, birds and fresh-water fish, and of hunting, fishing and fowling
- Attis (Άττις), vegetation god and consort of Cybele
- Britomartis (Βριτόμαρτις), Cretan goddess of hunting and nets used for fishing, fowling and the hunting of small game
- Cabeiri (Κάβειροι), gods or spirits who presided over the Mysteries of the islands of Lemnos and Samothrace
- Aitnaios (Αιτναιος)
- Alkon (Αλκων)
- Eurymedon (Ευρυμεδών)
- Onnes (Όννης)
- Tonnes (Τόννης)
- Centaurs (Κένταυροι), a race of half-man, half-horse beings
- The Cercopes (Κέρκοπες), a pair of monkey-like thieves who plagued the land of Lydia in western Anatolia
- Akmon (Ακμών)
- Passalos (Πάσσαλος)
- Chloris (Χλωρίς), goddess of flowers and wife of Zephyrus
- Comus (Κόμος), god of revelry, merrymaking and festivity
- Corymbus (Κόρυμβος), god of the fruit of the ivy
- The Curetes (Κουρέτες), guardians of infant Zeus on Mount Ida, barely distinguished from the Dactyls and the Corybantes
- Cybele (Κυβέλη), a Phrygian mountain goddess associated with Rhea
- The Dactyls (Δάκτυλοι)"fingers", minor deities originally representing fingers of a hand
- Dionysus (Διόνυσος), god of wine, drunken orgies and wild vegetation
- Dryades (Δρυάδες), tree and forest nymphs
- Gaia (Γαία), primeval goddess of the earth
- Epimeliades (Επιμελίδες), nymphs of highland pastures and protectors of sheep flocks
- Hamadryades (Αμαδρυάδες), oak tree dryades
- Hecaterus (Ηεκατερος), minor god of the hekateris — a rustic dance of quickly moving hands — and perhaps of the skill of hands in general
- Hephaestus (Ήφαιστος), god of metalworking
- Hermes (Ερμής), god of herds and flocks, of roads and boundary stones
- The Horae (Ώρες), The Hours
- The goddesses of natural order
- The goddesses of springtime growth
- The goddesses of welfare
- The goddesses of the natural portions of time and the times of day
- Auge (Αυγή), first light of the morning
- Anatole (Ανατολή) or Anatolia (Ανατολία), sunrise
- Mousika or Musica (Μουσική), the morning hour of music and study
- Gymnastika, Gymnastica (Γυμναστίκή) or Gymnasia (Γυμνασία), the morning hour of gymnastics/exercise
- Nymphe (Νυμφή), the morning hour of ablutions (bathing, washing)
- Mesembria (Μεσημβρία), noon
- Sponde (Σπονδή), libations poured after lunch
- Elete, prayer, the first of the afternoon work hours
- Akte, Acte (Ακτή) or Cypris (Κυπρίς), eating and pleasure, the second of the afternoon work hours
- Hesperis (Έσπερίς), evening
- Dysis (Δύσις), sunset
- Arktos (Άρκτος), night sky, constellation
- The goddesses of seasons of the year
- Eiar (Είαρ), spring
- Theros (Θέρος), summer
- Pthinoporon (Φθινόπωρον), autumn
- Cheimon (Χειμών), winter
- Korybantes (Κορύβαντες), the crested dancers who worshipped Cybele
- Damneus (Δαμνεύς) "the one who tames(?)"
- Idaios (Ιδαίος) "of Mount Ida"
- Kyrbas (Κύρβας), whose name is probably a variant of Korybas, singular for "Korybantes"
- Okythoos (Ωκύθοος) "the one running swiftly"
- Prymneus (Πρυμνεύς) "of lower areas(?)"
- Pyrrhichos (Πυρῥιχος), god of the rustic dance
- Maenades (μαινάδες), crazed nymphs in the retinue of Dionysus
- Methe (Μέθη), nymph of drunkenness
- Meliae (Μελίαι), nymphs of honey and the ash tree
- Naiades (Ναιάδες), fresh water nymphs
- The Nymphai Hyperboreioi (Νύμφαι Υπερβόρειοι), who presided over aspects of archery
- Hekaerge (Εκαέργη), represented distancing
- Loxo (Λοξώ), represented trajectory
- Oupis (Ουπις), represented aim
- Oreades (Ὀρεάδες), mountain nymphs
- Oceanides (Ωκεανίδες), fresh water nymphs
- Beroe (Βερόη), a nymph of Beirut, the daughter of Aphrodite and Adonis, who was wooed by both Dionysus and Poseidon
- Calypso (Καλυψώ)
- Clytie (Κλυτίη)
- Eidyia (Ειδυια), the youngest of the Oceanides
- for the complete list, see List of Oceanids
- The Ourea (Ούρος), primeval gods of mountains
- The Palici (Παλικοί), a pair of rustic gods who presided over the geysers and thermal springs in Sicily
- Pan (Πάν), god of shepherds, pastures, and fertility
- Potamoi, river gods
- Priapus (Πρίαπος), god of garden fertility
- Rhea (Ῥέα), the great mother and queen of the mountain wilds
- Satyrs (Σάτυροι), rustic fertility spirits
- Krotos (Κρότος), a great hunter and musician who kept the company of the Muses on Mount Helicon
- Silenus (Σειληνός), an old rustic god of the dance of the wine-press
- Telete (Τελέτη), goddess of initiation into the Bacchic orgies
- Zagreus (Ζαγρεύς), in the Orphic mysteries, the first incarnation of Dionysus
Agricultural deities
- Aphaea (Αφαία), minor goddess of agriculture and fertility
- Carme (Κάρμη), a Cretan spirit who presided over the harvest festival
- Carmanor (Καρμάνωρ), a Cretan harvest god
- Chrysothemis (Χρυσόθεμις), goddess of the "Golden Custom", a harvest festival, daughter of Demeter and Carmanor
- Cyamites (Κυαμίτης), demi-god of the bean
- Demeter (Δημήτηρ), goddess of fertility, agriculture, grain and harvest
- Despoina, daughter of Poseidon and Demeter, goddess of mysteries in Arcadia
- Dionysus (Διόνυσος), god of viticulture and wine
- Eunostus (Εύνοστος), goddess of the flour mill
- Hestia (Ἑστία), maiden goddess of the hearth who presided over the baking of bread, mankind's stable food
- Persephone (Περσεφόνη), queen of the underworld, wife of Hades and goddess of spring growth
- Philomelus (Φιλόμελος), agricultural demi-god inventor of the wagon and the plough
- Plutus (Πλοῦτος), god of wealth, including agricultural wealth, son of Demeter
Deified mortals
- Achilles (Ἀχιλλεύς), hero of the Trojan War
- Acis (Ακις), lover of Galatea, became a river god after being killed by Polyphemus
- Aiakos (Αιακός), a king of Aegina, when he died he was appointed as a Judge of the Dead in the Underworld
- Aeolus (Aiolos) (Αίολος), a king of Thessaly, made the immortal king of the winds by Zeus
- Amphiaraus (Αμφιαραύς), a hero of the war of the Seven Against Thebe who became an oracular spirit of the Underworld after his death
- Ariadne (Αριάδνη), a Cretan princess who became the immortal wife of Dionysus
- Aristaeus (Ἀρισταῖος), a Thessalian hero, his inventions saw him immortalised as the god of bee-keeping, cheese-making, herding, olive-growing and hunting
- Asclepius (Ασκληπιός), a Thessalian physician who was struck down by Zeus, to be later recovered by his father Apollo
- Attis (Άττις), a consort of Cybele, granted immortality as one of her attendants
- Bolina (Βολίνα), made immortal by Apollo
- The Dioscuri (Διόσκουροι), divine twins, worshipped as the Anakes (Άνακες)
- Castor (Κάστωρ)
- Polydeuces (Πολυδεύκης)
- Endymion (Ἐνδυμίων), lover of Selene, granted eternal sleep so as never to age or die
- Ganymede (Γανυμήδης), a handsome Trojan prince, abducted by Zeus and made cup-bearer of the gods
- Glaucus (Γλαῦκος), the fisherman's sea god, made immortal after eating a magical herb
- Hemithea and Parthenos (Ηεμιθέα καί Παρθένος), princesses of the Island of Naxos who leapt into the sea to escape their father's wrath; Apollo transformed them into demi-goddesses
- Heracles (Ηρακλής), ascended hero
- Minos (Μίνως), a king of Crete, when he died he was appointed as a Judge of the Dead in the Underworld
- Ino (Ἰνώ), a Theban princess who became the sea goddess Leucothea
- The Leucippides (Λευκιππίδες), wives of the Dioscuri
- Orithyia (Ὠρείθυια), an Athenian princess abducted by Boreas and made the goddess of cold, gusty mountain winds
- Palaemon (Παλαίμων), a Theban prince, made into a sea god along with his mother, Ino
- Perseus (Περσεύς), a son of Zeus and a mortal woman who fought and beat Medusa
- Phylonoe (Φυλονόη), daughter of Tyndareus and Leda, made immortal by Artemis
- Psyche (Ψυχή), goddess of the soul
Health deities
- Aceso (Ἀκεσώ), goddess of the healing of wounds and the curing of illnesses
- Aegle (Αἴγλη), goddess of radiant good health
- Asclepius (Ασκληπιός), god of healing
- Epione (Ἠπιόνη), goddess of the soothing of pain
- Hygieia (Υγεία), goddess of cleanliness and good health
- Iaso (Ἰασώ), goddess of cures, remedies and modes of healing
- Paeon (Παιάν, Παιήων, or Παιών), physician of the Olympian gods
- Panacea (Πανάκεια), goddess of healing
- Telesphorus (Τελεσφόρος), demi-god of convalescence, who "brought to fulfillment" recuperation from illness or injury
Other deities
- Acratopotes (Ἀκρατοπότης), god of unmixed wine and incontinence
- Adrastea (Αδράστεια), a daughter of Ares and Aphrodite, or an epithet of Nemesis
- Agdistis (Ἄγδιστις), Phrygian hermaphroditic deity
- Alexiares and Anicetus (Αλεξιαρης and Ανικητος), twin sons of Heracles who presided over the defence of fortified towns and citadels
- Aphroditus (Ἀφρόδιτος), Cyprian hermaphroditic Aphrodite
- Astraea (Αστραία), virgin goddess of justice
- Auxesia (Αυξησία) and Damia (Δαμία), two local fertility goddesses
- Charites (Χάριτες), goddesses of charm, beauty, nature, human creativity and fertility
- Aglaea (Αγλαΐα), goddess of beauty, adornment, splendour and glory
- Euphrosyne (Εὐφροσύνη), goddess of good cheer, joy, mirth and merriment
- Thalia (Θάλεια), goddess of festive celebrations and rich and luxurious banquets
- Hegemone (Ηγεμόνη) "mastery"
- Antheia (Άνθεια), goddess of flowers and flowery wreaths
- Pasithea (Πασιθέα), goddess of rest and relaxation
- Cleta (Κλήτα) "the glorious"
- Phaenna (Φαέννα) "the shining"
- Eudaimonia (Ευδαιμονία) "happiness"
- Euthymia (Ευθυμία) "good mood"
- Calleis (Καλλείς) "beauty"
- Paidia (Παιδία) "play, amusement"
- Pandaisia (Πανδαισία) "banquet for everyone"
- Pannychis (Παννυχίς) "all-night (festivity)"
- Ceraon (Κεραων), demi-god of the meal, specifically the mixing of wine
- Chrysus (Χρύσος), spirit of gold
- Circe (Κίρκη), goddess-witch of Aeaea
- Daemones Ceramici (Δαίμονες Κεραμικοί), five malevolent spirits who plagued the craftsman potter
- Syntribos (Σύντριβος), the shatterer
- Smaragos (Σμάραγος), the smasher
- Asbetos (Ασβετος), the charrer
- Sabaktes (Σαβάκτης), the destroyer
- Omodamos (Ομόδαμος), crudebake
- Deipneus (Δειπνεύς), demi-god of the preparation of meals, specifically the making of bread
- Eiresione (Ειρεσιώνη), personification of the olive branch
- Eileithyia (Εἰλείθυια), goddess of childbirth
- Enyalius (Ενυάλιος), minor god of war
- Enyo (Ἐνυώ), goddess of destructive war
- Harpocrates (Ηαρποκρατης), god of silence
- Hermaphroditus (Ἑρμάφρόδιτός), god of hermaphrodites and effeminate men
- Hymenaios (Ὑμέναιος), god of marriage and marriage feasts
- Ichnaea (Ιχναία), goddess of tracking
- Iynx (Ιύνξ), goddess of the love charm
- Matton (Μάττων), demi-god of the meal, specifically the kneading of dough
- Muses (Μούσαι), goddesses of music, song and dance, and the source of inspiration to poets
- Titan Muses, daughters of Gaia and Ouranos
- Olympian Muses, daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne
- Calliope (Καλλιόπη), muse of epic poetry
- Clio (Κλειώ), muse of history
- Erato (Ερατώ), muse of erotic poetry
- Euterpe (Ευτέρπη), muse of lyric poetry
- Melpomene (Μελπομένη), muse of tragedy
- Polyhymnia (Πολυμνία) or (Πολύμνια), muse of sacred poetry
- Terpsichore (Τερψιχόρη), muse of dance and choral poetry
- Thalia (Θάλεια), muse of comedy and bucolic poetry
- Urania (Ουρανία), muse of astronomy
- Younger Muses, daughters of Apollo
- Polymatheia (Πολυμάθεια), muse of knowledge
- Rhapso (Ραψώ), minor goddess or nymph whose name apparently refers to sewing
Personified concepts
- Achlys (Ἀχλύς), spirit of the death-mist
- Adephagia (Ἀδηφαγία), spirit of gluttony
- Adikia (Ἀδικία), spirit of injustice and wrong-doing
- Aergia (Ἀεργία), spirit of idleness, laziness, indolence and sloth
- Agon (Ἀγών), spirit of contest, who possessed an altar at Olympia, site of the Olympic Games.
- Aidos (Αιδώς), spirit of modesty, reverence and respect
- Aisa (Αίσα), personification of lot and fate
- Alala (Ἀλαλά), spirit of the war cry
- Alastor (Αλάστωρ), spirit of blood feuds and vengeance
- Aletheia (Αλήθεια), spirit of truth, truthfulness and sincerity
- The Algea (Ἄλγεα), spirits of pain and suffering
- Achos (Άχος) "trouble, distress"
- Ania (Ανία) "ache, anguish"
- Lupe (Λύπη) "pain, grief, sorrow"
- Amechania (Αμηχανία), spirit of helplessness and want of means
- The Amphilogiai (Αμφιλογίαι), spirits of disputes, debate and contention
- Anaideia (Αναίδεια), spirit of ruthlessness, shamelessness, and unforgivingness
- The Androktasiai (Ανδροκτασίαι), spirits of battlefield slaughter
- Angelia (Αγγελία), spirit of messages, tidings and proclamations
- Apate (Απάτη), spirit of deceit, guile, fraud and deception
- Aporia (Aπορία), spirit of difficulty, perplexity, powerlessness and want of means
- The Arae (Ἀραί), spirits of curses
- Arete (Aρετή), spirit of virtue, excellence, goodness and valour
- Atë (Άτη), spirit of delusion, infatuation, blind folly, recklessness and ruin
- Bia (Βία), spirit of force, power, bodily strength and compulsion
- Caerus (Καιρός), spirit of opportunity
- Corus (Κόρος), spirit of surfeit
- Deimos (Δεῖμος), spirit of fear, dread and terror. A son of Ares
- Dikaiosyne (Δικαιοσύνη), spirit of justice and righteousness
- Dike (Δίκη), spirit of justice, fair judgements and the rights established by custom and law
- Dolos (Δόλος), spirit of trickery, cunning deception, craftiness, treachery and guile
- Dysnomia (Δυσνομία), spirit of lawlessness and poor civil constitution
- Dyssebeia (Δυσσέβεια), spirit of impiety
- Eirene (Εἰρήνη), goddess of peace
- Ekecheiria (Εκεχειρία), spirit of truce, armistice, and the cessation of all hostilities; honoured at the Olympic Games
- Eleos (Ἔλεος), spirit of mercy, pity and compassion
- Elpis (Ελπίς), spirit of hope and expectation
- Epiphron (Επίφρων), spirit of prudence, shrewdness, thoughtfulness, carefulness and sagacity
- Eris (Έρις), spirit of strife, discord, contention and rivalry
- The Erotes (ἔρωτες)
- Eucleia (Ευκλεια), spirit of good repute and glory
- Eunomia (Εὐνομία), goddess good order and lawful conduct
- Eupheme (Ευφήμη), spirit of words of good omen, acclamation, praise, applause and shouts of triumph
- Eupraxia (Eυπραξία), spirit of well-being
- Eusebeia (Eὐσέβεια), spirit of piety, loyalty, duty and filial respect
- Euthenia (Ευθενία), spirit of prosperity, abundance and plenty
- Geras (Γῆρας), spirit of old age
- Harmonia (Αρμονία), goddess of harmony and concord
- Hebe (Ήβη), goddess of youth
- Hedone (Ἡδονή), spirit of pleasure, enjoyment and delight
- Heimarmene (Ειμαρμένη), personification of share destined by fate
- Homados (Ηομαδος), spirit of the din of battle
- Homonoia (Ὁμόνοια), spirit of concord, unanimity, and oneness of mind
- Horkos (Ὁρκος), spirit of oaths
- Horme (Όρμη), spirit of impulse or effort (to do a thing), eagerness, setting onself in motion, and starting an action
- Hybris (Ύβρις), spirit of outrageous behaviour
- Hypnos (Ύπνος), god of sleep
- The Hysminai (Ηυσμιναι), spirits of fighting and combat
- Kakia (Kακία), spirit of vice and moral badness
- Kalokagathia, spirit of nobility
- The Keres (Κῆρες), spirit of violent or cruel death
- Koalemos (Κοάλεμος), spirit of stupidity and foolishness
- Kratos (Κράτος), spirit of strength, might, power and sovereign rule
- Kydoimos (Κυδοιμος), spirit of the din of battle, confusion, uproar and hubbub
- Lethe (Λήθη), spirit of forgetfulness and oblivion, also the river Lethe in the underworld, which makes a person forget their memories.
- Limos (Λιμός), spirit of hunger and starvation
- The Litae (Λιταί), spirits of prayer
- Lyssa (Λύσσα), spirit of rage, fury and rabies in animals
- The Machai (Μάχαι), spirits of fighting and combat
- Mania (Μανία), spirit or spirits of madness, insanity and frenzy
- The Moirae, or "Fates" (Μοίραι)
- Momus (μῶμος), spirit of mockery, blame, censure and stinging criticism
- Moros (Μόρος), spirit of doom
- Nemesis (Νέμεσις), goddess of revenge, balance, righteous indignation and retribution
- Nike (Νίκη), goddess of victory
- Nomos (Νόμος), spirit of law
- Oizys (Ὀϊζύς), spirit of woe and misery
- The Oneiroi (Όνειροι), spirits of dreams
- Palioxis (Παλιοξις), spirit of backrush, flight and retreat from battle
- Peitharchia (Πειθαρχία), spirit of obedience
- Peitho (Πειθώ), spirit of persuasion and seduction
- Penia (Πενία), spirit of poverty and need
- Penthus (Πένθος), spirit of grief, mourning and lamentation
- Pepromene (Πεπρωμένη), personification of the destined share, similar to Heimarmene
- Pheme (Φήμη), spirit of rumour, report and gossip
- Philophrosyne (Φιλοφροσύνη), spirit of friendliness, kindness and welcome
- Philotes (Φιλότης), spirit of friendship, affection and sexual intercourse
- Phobos (Φόβος), spirit of panic fear, flight and battlefield rout, son of Ares
- The Phonoi (Φόνοι), spirits of murder, killing and slaughter
- Phrike (Φρίκη), spirit of horror and trembling fear
- Phthonus (Φθόνος), spirit of envy and jealousy
- Pistis (Πίστις), spirit of trust, honesty and good faith
- Poine (Ποίνη), spirit of retribution, vengeance, recompense, punishment and penalty for the crime of murder and manslaughter
- Ponos (Πόνος), spirit of hard labour and toil
- Poros (Πόρος), spirit of expediency, the means of accomplishing or providing, contrivance and device
- Praxidike (Πραξιδίκη), spirit of exacting justice
- Proioxis (Προίοξις), spirit of onrush and battlefield pursuit
- Prophasis (Πρόφασις), spirit of excuses and pleas
- The Pseudologoi, spirits of lies
- Ptocheia (Πτωχεία), spirit of beggary
- Soter (Σωτήρ), male spirit of safety, preservation and deliverance from harm
- Soteria (Σωτηρία), personification of safety, preservation and deliverance from harm
- Sophrosyne (Σωφροσύνη), spirit of moderation, self-control, temperance, restraint, and discretion
- Techne (Τέχνη), personification of art and skill
- Thanatos (Θάνατος), spirit of death and mortality
- Thrasos (Θράσος), spirit of boldness
- Tyche (Τύχη), goddess of fortune, chance, providence and fate
- Zelos ( Ζῆλος), spirit of eager rivalry, emulation, envy, jealousy and zeal
- The Hekatoncheires
(Ἑκατόγχειρες), or Centimanes (Latin), the Hundred-Handed Ones, giant
gods of violent storms and hurricanes. Three sons of Uranus and Gaea,
each with their own distinct characters.[1]
- Briareus or Aigaion (Βριάρεως), The Vigorous
- Cottus (Κόττος), The Furious
- Gyges (Γύγης), The Big-Limbed
- Agrius (Ἄγριος), a man-eating Thracian giant who was half-man and half-bear
- Alcyoneus (Ἀλκυονεύς), the king of the Thracian giants, who was slain by Heracles
- Aloadae (Αλοάδαι), twin giants who attempted to storm heaven
- Otos (Ότος)
- Ephialtes (Εφιάλτης)
- Antaeus (Ανταίος), a Libyan giant who wrestled all visitors to the death until he was slain by Heracles
- Argus Panoptes (Ἄργος Πανόπτης), a hundred-eyed giant tasked with guarding over Io
- Cyclopes (Elder), three one-eyed giants who forged the lightning-bolts of Zeus
- Arges (Ἄργης)
- Brontes (Βρόντης)
- Steropes (Στερόπης)
- Cyclopes (Younger), a tribe of one-eyed cannibalistic giants who shepherded flocks of sheep on the island of Sicily
- Polyphemus (Πολύφημος), a cyclops who briefly captured Odysseus and his men.
- Enceladus (Εγκέλαδος), one of the Thracian giants who made war on the gods
- The Gegenees (Γεγενεες), a tribe of six-armed giants fought by the Argonauts on Bear Mountain in Mysia
- Geryon (Γηρυών), a three-bodied, four-winged giant who dwelt on the red island of Erytheia
- The Laestrygonians (Λαιστρυγόνες), a tribe of man-eating giants encountered by Odysseus on his travels
- Orion (Ωρίων), a giant huntsman whom Zeus placed among the stars as the constellation of Orion
- Porphyrion (Πορφυρίων), the king of the Gigantes who was struck down by Herakles and Zeus with arrows and lightning-bolts after he attempted to rape Hera
- Talos (Τάλως), a giant forged from bronze by Hephaestus, and gifted by Zeus to his lover Europa as her personal protector
- Tityos (Τίτυος), a giant slain by Apollo and Artemis when he attempted to violate their mother Leto.
- Typhon (Τυφῶν), a monstrous immortal storm-giant who was defeated and imprisoned by Zeus in the pit of Tartarus
Chthonic deities
- Amphiaraus (Αμφιαραύς), a hero of the war of the Seven Against Thebe who became an oracular spirit of the Underworld after his death
- Askalaphos (Ἀσκάλαφος), the son of Acheron and Orphne who tended the Underworld orchards before being transformed into a screech owl by Demeter
- Cerberus (Κέρβερος), the three-headed hound who guarded the gates of Hades
- Charon (Χάρων), ferryman of Hades
- Empusa (Έμπουσα), a monstrous underworld spirit or spirits with flaming hair, the leg of a goat and a leg of bronze
- Erebos (Έρεβος), the primeval god of darkness, his mists encircled the underworld and filled the hollows of the earth
- The Erinyes (Ἐρινύες), the Furies, goddesses of retribution
- Hecate (Εκάτη), goddess of magic, witchcraft, the night, moon, ghosts and necromancy
- Judges of the Dead
- Aiakos (Αιακός), former mortal king of Aegina, guardian of the keys of Hades and judge of the men of Europe
- Minos (Μίνως), former mortal king of Crete and judge of the final vote
- Rhadamanthys (Ῥαδάμανθυς), former mortal lawmaker and judge of the men of Asia
- Keuthonymos (Κευθόνυμος), an Underworld spirit and father of Menoetes
- Cronus (Κρόνος), deposed king of the Titans; after his release from Tartarus he was appointed king of the Island of the Blessed
- Lamia (Λάμια), a vampiric Underworld spirit or spirits in the train of Hecate
- Lampades (Λαμπάδες), torch-bearing Underworld nymphs
- Macaria (Μακαρία), daughter of Hades and goddess of blessed death (not to be confused with the daughter of Heracles)
- Melinoe (Μελινόη), daughter of Persephone and Zeus who presided over the propitiations offered to the ghosts of the dead
- Menoetes (Μενοίτης), an Underworld spirit who herded the cattle of Hades
- Mormo (Μορμώ), a fearsome Underworld spirit or spirits in the train of Hecate
- Nyx (Νύξ), the primeval goddess of night
- Persephone (Περσεφόνη), queen of the underworld, wife of Hades and goddess of spring growth
- Rivers of the Underworld
- Acheron (Αχέρων), the river of pain
- Kokytos (Kωκυτός), the river of wailing
- Lethe (Λήθη), the river of forgetfulness
- Phlegethon (Φλεγέθων), the river of fire
- Styx (Στύξ), the river of hate
- Tartarus (Τάρταρος), the primeval god of the dark, stormy pit of Hades
- Thanatos (Θάνατος), spirit of death and minister of Hades
No comments:
Post a Comment